Protection of Cultural Heritage

Since 2011 (when it was still the ‘Federico Stella’ Centre for Studies on Criminal Justice and Criminal Policy - CSGP), ASGP has been cultivating, mostly with institutional resources, a permanent research and action line on the protection of cultural heritage from illicit trafficking and other criminal offences, as well as on the regulation of the art and antiquities market.
 

The protection of cultural heritage requires an integrated and multidisciplinary approach, capable of combining legal expertise with historical, artistic, economic and institutional perspectives. In this field, ASGP promotes research and educational initiatives aimed at analysing national and international legal frameworks, strengthening prevention and enforcement strategies, and developing effective responses to crimes affecting cultural heritage, with a focus on the increasing transnational dimension of art and cultural heritage crimes and their links to other kinds of criminality including fraud, money laundering, organised crime, terrorism, tax evasion, corruption and related offences.
 

A leader in the research and training on these issues, ASGP benefits from a well-established network of national and international collaborations, including those with CNPDS (Centro Nazionale di Prevenzione e Difesa Sociale – National Centre for Prevention and Social Defence) and ISPAC (International Scientific and Professional Advisory Council of the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme), the Art Law Centre of the University of Geneva, the Law & Popular Culture Research Network coordinated by Maastricht University, the Center for Cultural Heritage and Technology of the Italian Institute of Technology (CCHT-IIT), the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, and other partners. Since its establishment in 2022, ASGP has also been a partner of the UNESCO Chair on Market Integrity and Crime Prevention in the Art and Antiquities Market.

 

Amongst its long-lasting training and public engagement activities, ASGP supports the open seminars “Conversations on Law & the Arts, started in 2022 and organized yearly.

 

Further activities carried out by ASGP in this field include a wide range of conferences and other public events, publications, the participation of its researchers as experts in national and international working groups, and training activities. Amongst the latter, since 2026 ASGP has been organizing an international Summer School on "Art and Cultural Heritage: Law, Policy and Practice".  
 

As a free service to international market operators, public officers, LEAs, and any other stakeholders, ASGP also regularly updates and publishes a comprehensive annotated unofficial English translation of Italian criminal law provisions concerning cultural heritage.
 

All the above mentioned initiatives benefit from close interaction with other thematic areas traditionally addressed by ASGP, ranging from economic crime to organised crime, from compliance and fight against corruption to environmental protection, from restorative justice to law & literature. This integrated and multidisciplinary approach supports the development of innovative research and intervention strategies, attentive to evolving practical needs and emerging challenges.

 

 

 

2024

G. GIARDINIThe Role of Italy and UNIDROIT in the Drafting of the First Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention, in Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 10(2) 2024, pp. 77 - 104 - OPEN ACCESS [Eng.]
 

A. VISCONTILegislazione e prassi italiane in materia di beni culturali tra protezionismo e universalismo. Questioni aperte in materia di restituzione di oggetti sottratti nel periodo coloniale, in Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken, 2024 (104)1, pp. 34-54 - OPEN ACCESS [Ita.]

A. VISCONTILa Corte EDU si pronuncia sulla confisca obbligatoria di beni culturali illecitamente esportati nella vicenda dell’‘Atleta vittorioso’, in Diritto penale contemporaneo - Rivista trimestrale, 2/2024, pp. 45-65 - OPEN ACCESS [Ita.]
 

A. VISCONTILa riforma (della riforma) del danneggiamento di beni culturali, tra incoerenze criminologiche e dubbi di costituzionalità, in Diritto penale contemporaneo - Rivista trimestrale, 1/2024, pp. 86-138 - OPEN ACCESS [Ita.]
 

2023

A. VISCONTIProblemi e prospettive della tutela penale del patrimonio culturale, Giappichelli, Torino, 2023 [Ita.]

 

G. GIARDINITaming the Italian ‘Trojan horse’: the a non domino sales of cultural objects, in Uniform Law Review, 2023 (28)1, pp. 1-19 [Eng.]

 

A. ​VISCONTIIl traffico internazionale di beni culturali, in V. Militello - C. De Robbio - G.L. Gatta (a cura di), La tutela penale dei beni culturali, Quaderno n. 35 della Scuola Superiore della Magistratura, Roma, 2023, pp. 103-146 - OPEN ACCESS [Ita.]

 

A. ​VISCONTITrafficking in Cultural Property. An Evolving International Legal Framework, in V. Militello - A. Spena (eds.), The Challenges of Illegal Trafficking in the Mediterranean Area, Springer. 2023, pp 227-261 [Eng.]

 

A. ​VISCONTILaundering Illicitly Trafficked Cultural Property and Criminal Law Control over the Import and Export of Artworks and Antiquities, in LawArt 2023, pp. 189-248 - OPEN ACCESS [Eng.]

A. CHECHIThe return of cultural objects displaced during colonialism. What role for restorative justice, transitional justice and alternative dispute resolution?, in The International Journal of Restorative Justice, 2023 (6)1, pp. 95-118 - OPEN ACCESS [Eng.]

A. VISCONTIRestitution and Return of Cultural Property between Negotiation and Restorative Justice: Time to Bridge the River, in The International Journal of Restorative Justice, 2023 (6)1, pp. 71-94 - OPEN ACCESS [Eng.]

 

A. VISCONTIL’opera falsa e l’archivio d’artista. Profili penali dopo la riforma del 2022, in A. Donati - F. Tibertelli de Pisis (a cura di), L’archivio d’artista. Princìpi, regole e buone pratiche, 2da ed., Joahn & Levi, Monza, 2023, pp. 211-242 [Ita.]

 

2022
2021
2020
2019

E. ROMANELLIPhotographs as “Cultural Property” under Italian and European Union Law: A Complex Picture, in Santander Art & Culture Law Review, 2019 (5) 2, pp. 135-158 - OPEN ACCESS [Eng.]
 

A. VISCONTIThe Reform of Italian Law on Cultural Property Export and its Implications for the ‘Definitional Debate’: Closing the Gap with the European Union Approach, or Cosmetics? Some Systemic Considerations from a Criminal Law Perspective, in Santander Art & Culture Law Review, 2019 (5) 2, pp. 159-186 - OPEN ACCESS [Eng.]
 

A. VISCONTIDiritto penale dei beni culturali, in Diritto online - Approfondimenti enciclopedici, Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana fondata da Giovanni Treccani, 2019 - OPEN ACCESS [Ita.]
 

A. VISCONTILa «pazienza della terra»: dai percorsi di dominio all'incontro nel cammino. Viaggio letterario nel diritto del patrimonio culturale, in Jus Online, 2019, 2, pp. 156-202 - OPEN ACCESS [Ita.]